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Substrate
A specific substance on which an enzyme acts

Peptide bond
The covalent linkage between two amino acids in a polypeptide. Formed by dehydration synthesis.

Amino Acid Structure
An organic molecule containing a carboxyl group, an amino group, a H+ atom, and a variable side group. Used as the monomer for protiens.

DNA
Deoxyribonucleic acid. The genetic material that organisms use to reproduce.

RNA
Ribonucleic acid. Nucleic acid consisting of nucleotide monomers with ribose sugars. Functions in protein synthesisand as the genome of some viruses.

Replication
The process of copying a DNA strand.

Adenine
(A) A double-ring nitrogenous base.Combines with Guanine.

Guanine
(G) A double-ring nitrogenous base. Combines with Adenine.

Thymine
(T) A single-ring nitrogenous base. Combines with Cytocene.

Cytocine
(C) A single-ring nitrogenous base. Combines with Thymene. Found only in DNA.

Uracil
(U) A single-ring nitrogenous base. Combines with Cytocene. Found only in RNA.

Doule Helix
The complimentary strands of DNA that form the characteristic helical structure.

mRNA
The type of RNA that encodes genetic information from DNA and conveyes it to the ribosmes, where the information is transfered to amino acid sequences.

ATP
Adenosinetriphosphate. The storage form of energy in muscles.

tRNA
The type of RNA that acts as an interpreter. Has a specific anticodon, and conveyes a certain amino acid to a certain codon. on the RNA strand

Ribose
A monosaccharide used in RNA C5H10O5

Deoxyribose
A monosaccharide used in RNA C5H10O4

5-carbon sugars.
Ribose, Deoxyribose, Arabinose, Lyxose, Ribulose, Xylose, and Xylulose.

DNA backbone
Deoxyribose sugar.

Complimentary strand
The new strand in DNA replication. (poss. wrong)

Watson and Crick
The scientists that discovered the structure of the DNA molecule.

Transcription
The synthesis of RNA on a DNA template.




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